Instrumentation Calculators & Unit Converters

01 · Unit Conversion

Pressure Unit Converter

Enter a value in any pressure unit — every equivalent updates live below.


UnitEquivalent value
Show reference formula
All units are converted through a common base of pascals (Pa).
value_Pa = value × factor[from_unit]
result_unit = value_Pa ÷ factor[result_unit]
e.g. 1 bar = 100 000 Pa · 1 psi = 6 894.757 Pa · 1 atm = 101 325 Pa

02 · Unit Conversion

Flow Unit Converter

Volume/mass unit and time unit are picked independently, then converted into every combination at once — not locked to a fixed list of unit+time pairs.


Unit/ second/ minute/ hour/ day

The highlighted cell matches what you entered above. Every other cell is that same flow rate re-expressed in a different unit/time combination — e.g. read the bbl row's / day column for oil bbl/day, or the MMSCF row's / day column for MMSCFD.

Show reference formula
Volumetric base: L/s · Mass base: kg/s
value_base/s = value × unit_factor ÷ time_seconds
result_cell = value_base/s ÷ unit_factor[row] × time_seconds[column]
MMSCF uses standard conditions (60°F, 14.696 psia). Converting between volumetric and mass flow requires fluid density — not included here.

03 · Rangeability

Turn-Down Ratio Calculator

Compares the maximum and minimum usable value of a flow meter, control valve, or any rangeable instrument.


12.5 : 1 Q min = 8.0% of Q max
Show reference formula
Turn-down ratio = Q max ÷ Q min, expressed as X : 1
Higher ratio → instrument holds accuracy over a wider range.

04 · Transmitter Sizing

Differential Pressure Level Calculation

Computes LRV / URV calibration points for a DP level transmitter from tank geometry and specific gravity.

vented to atmosphere SG1 Process fluid — SG1 L h X HP LP → atm (0 ref)

SG1 process fluid · L span between taps · h transmitter offset below lower tap. The upper side is open to atmosphere, so only one process connection is needed.

SG1 Process fluid — SG1 L dry leg — vapor only, no column weight h X HP LP

SG1 process fluid · L span between taps · h transmitter offset below lower tap. The dry leg carries vapor pressure only — its length adds no column weight, so vapor pressure cancels out of the DP.

SG1 Process fluid — SG1 L H SG2 h X HP LP

SG1 process fluid · SG2 wet-leg fill fluid · L span between taps · h transmitter offset below lower tap · H wet leg height, transmitter to upper tap. HP = process (dry, short leg) · LP = reference (wet, filled leg) — same layout as the diagram you shared.


LRV — 0% level0.00kPa
URV — 100% level0.00kPa
Show reference formula

05 · Mag Meter Sizing

Velocity ↔ Flow Rate Converter

Converts between line velocity and volumetric flow rate for a given pipe internal diameter — sized for electromagnetic flow meters.

m/s

0.00 m³/h Flow rate
Show reference formula
Pipe area: A = π ÷ 4 × D²
Flow rate: Q = V × A
Velocity: V = Q ÷ A
Electromagnetic flow meters typically need 0.3–10 m/s line velocity for a reliable, low-noise signal — outside that band, accuracy and repeatability degrade even though the meter still reads.

06 · Signal Scaling

PV ↔ mA Converter

Convert between a process value and its transmitted analog signal using the calibrated range.

°C

12.00 mA 50.0% of range
Show reference formula
% = (PV − LRV) ÷ (URV − LRV)
Signal = Signal_lo + % × (Signal_hi − Signal_lo)
(Signal → PV runs the same equations in reverse.)
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